History of Russia
Heads of the stateTHE ROMANOVS
Tsar Ioann V(1666-1696)
Reign
1682-1696.Parents: Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich and Tsarina Maria Miloslavskaya.
Wife:
Praskovia Fedorovna Saltykova (1664-1723).
Married: January 1684.
Children:
Maria (1689-1692). Her godparents were Peter I and his aunt Tatyana.
Feodosia (1690-1691). Her godparents were Peter I and his aunt Tatyana.
Ekaterina (1691-1733). Her godparents were Peter I and his aunt Tatyana. She was a lively girl who adored dancing. Chubby and talkative, she won many admirers at balls in St Petersburg with her merry disposition and humorous nature. In 1717, Peter the Great gave her in marriage to Duke Carl Leopold of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. The following year, she gave birth to the future Regent Anna Leopoldovna. She did not get on with her brutal and despotic husband and left him in 1722 (he was later overthrown and died in prison). Ekaterina was delighted to return to Russia, where she threw herself into a life of balls and banquets. She put on so much weight that Peter the Great ordered her to control her appetite, without success. On 14 June 1733, she died of dropsy at the age of forty-two.
Anna (see Empress Anna Ioannovna).
Praskovia (1694-1731). Unlike her elder sisters, she was blessed with good looks and soon demonstrated a streak of independence. Although Peter the Great hoped to marry her to a European prince, she fell in love with Ivan Dmitriyev-Mamonov, an elderly general descended from prince Rurik. She insisted on marrying him and Peter eventually agreed. After marrying in 1723, they lived at Praskovia's estate on the River Moika in St Petersburg, which they later presented to the Semyonovsky Life Guards Regiment (Ivan was an officer in the regiment, which did not have any headquarters in the new capital). They moved to Izmailovo, where Praskovia staged performances at her domestic theater. Ivan suddenly died in May 1730, while their only son died at the age of five.
Important events:
Ioann V was born in Moscow on 27 August 1666. All his life, he had poor health. He suffered from scurvy, dizzy attacks, poor sight and a speech impediment. When Fedor II died, Patriarch Joachim and the boyars decided that the throne should pass to Peter and led the courtiers, civil servants, army and people of Moscow in swearing an oath to the ten-year-old boy. The Miloslavsky clan, however, began to spread rumours that the Naryshkin family had murdered Peter's brother, Ioann. Rioting broke out in Moscow on 23 May 1682, during which the Streltsy guards killed several relatives and friends of Natalia Naryshkina, including Artamon Matveyev and Prince Dolgorukov. In an attempt to quell the rebellion, Ioann was shown to the guards, who demanded that he too be crowned tsar. A council of the upper clergy and government met in urgent session and decided that there would be two tsars. When Ioann reached seventeen, Sophie chose a bride for him. This was Praskovia Saltykova, who was related to the Romanovs and other aristocratic families. Tall and beautiful, she was the daughter of the steward and waywode Fedor Saltykov. When she learnt of Sophie's plans, the lovely Praskovia was horrified, declaring that she would die rather than marry the weak and sickly Ioann. Sophie was not interested in opinion, however, and the couple were married in January 1684. Between them, they had five daughters.
Ioann was paralysed at the age of twenty-seven and died two years later, on 29 January 1696. He was buried in the Archangel Cathedral. Praskovia survived her husband by twenty-seven years. As the years passed, she lost her former good looks. She grew flabby, suffered from dropsy and was confined to a wheelchair. She died in St Petersburg in 1723.
Wife:
Praskovia Fedorovna Saltykova (1664-1723).
Married: January 1684.
Children:
Maria (1689-1692). Her godparents were Peter I and his aunt Tatyana.
Feodosia (1690-1691). Her godparents were Peter I and his aunt Tatyana.
Ekaterina (1691-1733). Her godparents were Peter I and his aunt Tatyana. She was a lively girl who adored dancing. Chubby and talkative, she won many admirers at balls in St Petersburg with her merry disposition and humorous nature. In 1717, Peter the Great gave her in marriage to Duke Carl Leopold of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. The following year, she gave birth to the future Regent Anna Leopoldovna. She did not get on with her brutal and despotic husband and left him in 1722 (he was later overthrown and died in prison). Ekaterina was delighted to return to Russia, where she threw herself into a life of balls and banquets. She put on so much weight that Peter the Great ordered her to control her appetite, without success. On 14 June 1733, she died of dropsy at the age of forty-two.
Anna (see Empress Anna Ioannovna).
Praskovia (1694-1731). Unlike her elder sisters, she was blessed with good looks and soon demonstrated a streak of independence. Although Peter the Great hoped to marry her to a European prince, she fell in love with Ivan Dmitriyev-Mamonov, an elderly general descended from prince Rurik. She insisted on marrying him and Peter eventually agreed. After marrying in 1723, they lived at Praskovia's estate on the River Moika in St Petersburg, which they later presented to the Semyonovsky Life Guards Regiment (Ivan was an officer in the regiment, which did not have any headquarters in the new capital). They moved to Izmailovo, where Praskovia staged performances at her domestic theater. Ivan suddenly died in May 1730, while their only son died at the age of five.
Important events:
- After Peter managed to remove Sophie from power in 1689, Ioann continued to be regarded as co-tsar. Although they signed all official documents together, Ioann played little role in the running of the state, spending his time "in constant prayer and fasting". He was, in the words of historian Vasily Klyuchevsky, "a mere figurehead, brought out on special occasions". He nevertheless managed to maintain good relations with both Sophie and Peter.
Ioann V was born in Moscow on 27 August 1666. All his life, he had poor health. He suffered from scurvy, dizzy attacks, poor sight and a speech impediment. When Fedor II died, Patriarch Joachim and the boyars decided that the throne should pass to Peter and led the courtiers, civil servants, army and people of Moscow in swearing an oath to the ten-year-old boy. The Miloslavsky clan, however, began to spread rumours that the Naryshkin family had murdered Peter's brother, Ioann. Rioting broke out in Moscow on 23 May 1682, during which the Streltsy guards killed several relatives and friends of Natalia Naryshkina, including Artamon Matveyev and Prince Dolgorukov. In an attempt to quell the rebellion, Ioann was shown to the guards, who demanded that he too be crowned tsar. A council of the upper clergy and government met in urgent session and decided that there would be two tsars. When Ioann reached seventeen, Sophie chose a bride for him. This was Praskovia Saltykova, who was related to the Romanovs and other aristocratic families. Tall and beautiful, she was the daughter of the steward and waywode Fedor Saltykov. When she learnt of Sophie's plans, the lovely Praskovia was horrified, declaring that she would die rather than marry the weak and sickly Ioann. Sophie was not interested in opinion, however, and the couple were married in January 1684. Between them, they had five daughters.
Ioann was paralysed at the age of twenty-seven and died two years later, on 29 January 1696. He was buried in the Archangel Cathedral. Praskovia survived her husband by twenty-seven years. As the years passed, she lost her former good looks. She grew flabby, suffered from dropsy and was confined to a wheelchair. She died in St Petersburg in 1723.
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